Pilibhit Tiger Reserve, located in the Terai region of Uttar Pradesh, is renowned for its majestic Bengal tigers. However, the reserve offers far more than tiger sightings. It is a biodiversity hotspot teeming with various species, many of which are lesser-known but equally fascinating. Exploring the wildlife beyond the tigers can be a rewarding experience, providing a deeper appreciation of the intricate ecosystem that supports these magnificent animals.

Here’s a closer look at the diverse wildlife of Pilibhit Tiger Reserve, from mammals to birds and reptiles, that thrive in this lush sanctuary.

1. Leopards

While Bengal tigers are the star attraction, leopards also roam the dense forests of Pilibhit. These stealthy predators are known for their elusive nature and striking rosette-patterned coats. Leopards in Pilibhit are often spotted at dawn or dusk as they prefer to remain hidden during the day, making them a thrilling yet challenging species to observe.

2. Indian Elephant

The Indian elephant, a keystone species of the Terai Arc landscape, is frequently spotted in Pilibhit Tiger Reserve. These gentle giants traverse the forest in herds, grazing on vegetation and maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. Watching a herd of elephants is an awe-inspiring experience and a highlight for many visitors.

3. Sloth Bears

The reserve is home to the sloth bear, a unique species known for its shaggy fur, long claws and nocturnal habits. These bears are primarily insectivores, feeding on termites and ants, but they also enjoy fruits and honey. Spotting a sloth bear in its natural habitat can be a rare and exciting encounter for wildlife enthusiasts.

4. Swamp Deer (Barasingha)

The swamp deer, also known as barasingha, is an endangered species that thrives in the wet grasslands of Pilibhit. These graceful deer are distinguished by their impressive antlers, which can have as many as 12 tines. Barasingha plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of the reserve’s grassland ecosystems.

5. Hog Deer

Another deer species that inhabits the grasslands of Pilibhit is the hog deer. Unlike the barasingha, hog deer have shorter legs and are more secretive, often staying close to dense vegetation for cover. They are named for their habit of ducking under obstacles rather than leaping over them when fleeing from predators.

6. Gharial and Mugger Crocodiles

The rivers and water bodies of Pilibhit Tiger Reserve are home to two species of crocodiles: the gharial and the mugger crocodile. The gharial, with its long, slender snout, is critically endangered, while the mugger crocodile, with its broad snout, is more commonly found. Both species play vital roles in the aquatic ecosystems of the reserve.

7. Avian Diversity

Pilibhit Tiger Reserve is a paradise for bird watchers, boasting over 300 species of birds. The Great Hornbill, with its striking yellow and black casque, is one of the most impressive species found here. Other notable birds include the white-backed vulture, crested serpent eagle, pied kingfisher and Indian peafowl. Migratory birds such as bar-headed geese and ruddy shelducks visit the reserve during the winter.

8. Reptiles and Amphibians

In addition to crocodiles, Pilibhit Tiger Reserve is home to various reptiles and amphibians. Monitor lizards, cobras and pythons are commonly found, slithering through the underbrush or basking in the sun. The reserve’s wetlands also provide habitat for several species of frogs and toads, essential for controlling insect populations.

9. Smaller Mammals

Pilibhit is home to numerous small mammals, often overlooked but vital to the ecosystem. Jungle cats, Indian civets and porcupines can be spotted by the keen-eyed observer. Langurs and rhesus macaques are common sights, often seen playing in the trees or scavenging for food.

10. Conservation Challenges

Despite the rich diversity of wildlife, Pilibhit Tiger Reserve faces several conservation challenges. Habitat loss, poaching and human-wildlife conflict are ongoing threats. However, the reserve’s conservation programs, anti-poaching measures and community engagement efforts are making significant strides in protecting its unique biodiversity.

Conclusion

While the Bengal tiger may draw many visitors to Pilibhit Tiger Reserve, the incredible diversity of wildlife that inhabits this sanctuary ensures that every visit offers something new. From the stealthy leopards to the majestic elephants, and the wide variety of bird species, Pilibhit is a wildlife lover’s paradise. Exploring the reserve beyond the tigers opens up a world of fascinating creatures that contribute to the rich tapestry of life in this remarkable ecosystem.